Information that 80-90% of people are infected with worms, many people come up with the idea that you need to take anthelmintic medication for preventive purposes.
The human body of parasites of various types of worms, special tests have been developed for their identification.Each diagnostic procedure has a certain percentage of reliability and varies in behavioral features.
Blood tests for parasites
Important activities of parasites in the body cause unclear etiological anxiety.It can be skin rash, bloating, heartburn, nausea, weakness, anemia, joint pain.To explain the diagnosis, a special test for parasites should be performed.
How to check parasites in the human body
Classification of parasites in their appearance:
For representatives of several professions (for catering company staff, children's institutions), analysis for worm eggs is required in the design of the sanitary book.Children pass the same analysis when entering kindergarten and nursery or in sports section.
- Classical studies on worms that live in the gastrointestinal tract are stool analysis and mucous binding from the rectum.
- But there are several options for blood tests that are more effective for parasites, as intended and by method.
Reason for submission of analysis for parasites
When infected with individual parasites, one may not feel any symptoms.But over time, the number of helminths increased, and the infection began to realize.It is necessary to take a test for parasites if there are such symptoms:
- Different localization of abdominal pain, which can occur spontaneously or on palpation;
- Itching in the anus that appears at night;
- joint and muscle pain;
- reduce appetite and nausea;
- increased appetite with plenty of saliva;
- Intestinal dysbiosis;
- constipation or diarrhea;
- Change of impurities;
- increased fatigue;
- dizzy;
- pale skin;
- insomnia or sleep disorders;
- irritation;
- dermatitis;
- urine incontinence;
- In women, many discharge from the vagina, violations of the menstrual cycle.
The nature of the symptoms depends on the type of parasite.Itching and burning in the anal region cause pinworms.Soldiides trigger severe allergic reactions, as well as abdominal pain.Lambia, echinococci and bicondumane affect the liver.They are often the cause of biliary and cholestasis (bile stagnation) obstruction, gall bladder inflammation.Light stools with fat drops are one of the main signs of liver pathology and pancreas.Symptoms of parasitic effects on the liver and gall bladder are pain in the right hypochondria.
If some of the symptoms listed appear, you should go to the hospital to identify parasites in the body in time.It is necessary to take a regular preventive test for parasites for children, people who live or work with animals.If raw, jerky, little salted meat, pork fat or fish are often used for food, the risk of infection is very high.In this case, it is also necessary to check regularly to identify parasites.
What test for parasites is there
There are different causes that cause the need to take analysis for helminths.
About this parameter, 3 types of tests are distinguished:
- Prevention - necessary for timely detection of helminthiasis even in the absence of characteristic symptoms.They are carried out on one's personal initiative or in medical examinations.It is recommended to take such analysis every year, especially for children.
- Obstacles - are set to minimize the risk of spreading helminthiasis among the population.This is a compulsory analysis that children go through before entering a kindergarten or school, food industry workers, service areas, medical staff for medical books.Barriers analysis is available once a year.
- As prescribed by a doctor, this type of analysis for helminths is prescribed by the doctor with the presence of symptoms of the characteristics of helminthiasis: nausea, stomach disorders, itching in the anus, weight loss, abdominal pain, increased fatigue, dizziness.With one negative result, the analysis must be taken back to ensure its reliability.
Depending on the condition and symptoms, one or more types of tests are prescribed.Let's consider in detail the features of each.
With sharp weight loss, you should think of the need to conduct an analysis for parasites
Calais analysis for worm eggs
The analysis of stools for parasites, in other ways, is called a coprogram-A method that provides a mass study under a microscope to identify parasitic eggs, larvae or sexual worm fragments.This analysis makes it possible to identify different types of worms, but it is very effective for parasitic worms in the intestines.Ideal for diagnosis of enterobiosis, ascariasis, ankylostomosis, trichocephalosis and other types of infection.
To perform the analysis, you need to take a special sterile jar.It is released at a clinic, a laboratory or purchased at a pharmacy.
Then everything is easy:
- It needs to fill 1/3 with stools with stools.This must be done before 11.00 hours.Make sure that the third impurities, for example, blood, other secretions do not fall into the jar, as this will indicate the reliability of the result negatively.
- The filled capacity lid must be tightly closed.It is signed, and then wrapped in a disposable package.
- It is best if the material can be transferred for analysis 30-45 minutes after the collection.It is allowed to store it in the refrigerator, but no more than 8 hours.After this period, the material becomes unsuitable for analysis.
You can find out the results the day after the analysis.But in some labs it is done for up to 6 days.
The effectiveness of this method is 30-35%, as helminths do not lay eggs every night.
Scrape (smear)
Seekers are the most common analysis for enterobiosis, which allows you to identify the presence of parasitic pinworms in the intestines and place large amounts of eggs around the anus, as well as in the perineum area every night.
Because children especially experience enterobiosis, a child who visits kindergarten, a school, needs to take a scraper twice a year.Adults also need to analyze when the first parasite signs appear: itching in the anus, poor sleep, worse appetite, weight loss, irritation.
Analysis procedure:
- The scraper is taken by a special spatula, which is available at the pharmacy, or with ordinary cotton wool, previously moistened in salt or warm water.They remove smear from the area around the anus, as well as the perineum.Another way is to attach sticky tape (tape) to the area around the anus.Slowly removed, it must be glued to the surface of the glass clean and dry.
- This procedure must be performed in the morning, immediately after waking up.Before that, you can't go to the toilet and wash.You can take a smear at the clinic or at home.
- The stick or spatula, on the surface of the biomass for research, is wrapped in sterile dry jars, packages.Packaging should be sealed.
- It is necessary to deliver the material to the laboratory for research on the day of taking smear, preferably immediately.If necessary, for a maximum of 5 hours, it can be stored in the refrigerator.
You can find out the results the next day.
If the first analysis results are negative, but the typical symptoms of enterobiosis are preserved, the procedure must be approved the next day or daily.Maximum efficacy guarantees 3-4 negative results of consecutive analysis.
Blood test
Blood tests show the presence of parasites, as a result of their lives, they affect the internal organs, mucous membranes, releasing a large amount of toxins.This causes changes in blood composition.When helminths appear, the immune system begins to produce antibodies (immunoglobulin).They can be identified as the result of the study.
The main thing is that the competent decoding is carried out, which can only be done by an experienced specialist.
Blood tests for parasites determine all their types - ascaride, lamblia, flat worms, two water, trichinella, trematod.Most of them parasites in the internal organs: in the liver, lungs, channels, and not in the intestines, so using other tests, it will not work to identify this type of parasite.
Analysis delivery procedure:
- To do analysis, vein blood is required.It is enough to take 3-5 ml of ingredients from the elbow veins.This procedure is performed on an empty stomach, preferably in the morning.
- Experts study selected blood in the laboratory for specific antibodies, which allow you to determine the level of helminthiasis.
- Determine the results of the analysis.
Before donating blood, the patient must pass the preparation stage.It begins a week before the diagnosis and involves complete refusal to use antibiotics and other medicines, a composition that can affect the accuracy of the result negatively.The day before the analysis, it did not include fatty products, sugars, carbonated drinks and always alcohol from the diet.
Determination of helminthic invasion was also carried out using a general blood test.It is quite informative, allowing you to identify different types of worms, but most effectively related to pinworms, as well as ascaris.
When declaring general analysis, the following indicators are taken into account:
- Hemoglobin - with worm damage, it is reduced;
- Leukocytes - when infected with helminths, their concentration increases.
For analysis, blood is taken from the veins.Before the procedure, it is important not to eat 8, but better than 12 hours.It is allowed to drink only water.5-7 days before manipulation, should stop taking antibiotics.
ELISA, Analysis for antibodies and immunoglobulina
This analysis is based on the body's immune response, the level of its protective reaction to parasitic invasion.
- Using ELISA results, you can determine the presence of helminths in their body and their type.The accuracy of this study is much higher than the stool analysis.
- This method is based on the calculation of antibodies in the body to one or other types of parasites, determining their relationships with foreign antigens (immune response) and body enzyme reactions.
- Antigen antibodies indicate infection.
- Elisa's blood tests have accuracy, according to different experts, from 60% to 90% even at low levels of intrusion.
- The advantage of the method, in addition to high levels of accuracy, is that the analysis of immuno function can be monitored by the dynamic of the disease over time.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR analysis)
The PCR method is one of the most modern and accurate for blood diagnosis for the presence of parasites in the body.It consists of detecting DNA and RNA traces, belonging to the parasite life.
- The essence of polymerase reaction is the treatment of blood in such a way to copy and distribute DNA, RNA foreign organism to the concentration that allows them to determine.
Serological blood test
At the same time, analysis is used as a source of blood serum information.
- Immunogenic parasitic antibodies are investigated.
- This analysis allows you to identify a large number of parasites, but does not allow you to determine the level of intrusion.
- Like the IFA method, serological analysis is indirect for diagnosis.
- If the OPD value is high, it is advisable to pass the poop analysis.
How and where to take tests for parasites
It is necessary to take tests for parasites when the typical symptoms of helminthic aggression arise: digestive problems, asthenia, weight loss, dermatological disease.It also needs to undergo diagnostics for helminths in situations where a person has been suffering from chronic illness for years, but treatment does not provide the expected results.In many cases, it appears that the disease is not provoked by physiological problems, but as a result of worm parasitation.
Before approving the procedure, you need to get instructions from gastroenterologists, infectious diseases, proctologists, therapists, surgeons, dermatologists, and pediatricians.In this direction, someone goes to the lab.After a biomaterial study, he received a form of results, indicating whether helminths were detected in the body.
If the analysis results confirm the presence of worms, it is important to consult a qualified doctor immediately.It can be an infectious disease specialist or therapist.When helminthiasis is diagnosed in children, pediatricians will help.
To take tests that identify parasites requires at least once a year.To undergo diagnostic, it is important to choose a good laboratory, which experts guarantee the maximum accuracy of the results.